Great Gatsby Essay -- essays research papers

A symbol is an object or place used to represent an abstract idea or quality. In the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald there are many such symbols. F. Scott Fitzgerald incorporates each symbol into the plot and structure of the novel. His use of symbolism helps give the reader a better meaning and understanding of the story. The themes of The Great Gatsby are revealed through its use of symbols. Among the most important of the many symbols used in the novel are the green light, the contrast between East Egg and the West Egg, the valley of ashes, and the giant oculist sign. The green light lights up across the bay from Gatsby’s place. This light burned at the end of Daisy Buchanan’s dock. For Gatsby, this green light symbolized the “go-ahead'; sign. Green was the symbol for promise, hope, and renewal. Gatsby’s dream in life was to be with Daisy. The green light on the other side of the bay that Gatsby saw gave him an unyielding hope that his dream would be realized. At the end of the first chapter Gatsby was seen stretching his arms toward the green light appearing as to be worshipping it. Gatsby saw his dream or goal and never gave up. He remained loyal to his quest until death at the end of the novel. Gatsby moved into the mansion across the bay to be near Daisy. The green light symbolized that Gatsby had a hope of winning Daisy. Gatsby asked Daisy to tell Tom that she loved him, but this was too much to ask of her. Dais...

French and Italian Films Essay

The EU Directive has â€Å"put forth the greatest effort to fend off what it has termed â€Å"American cultural imperialism.. † 14 France is the strongest implementor of this directive that it currently requires utmost 40% of films shown in in the country are of non-European origin. The country is also lobbying for other fellow member states to enact the same quota rules. Even the ex-president Chirac had made his opinion regarding this quota system stating that â€Å"he does not want to see European culture obliterized by American Culture† 15 and it is believed that the entertainment media are not very advantageous in terms of integration but an instrument threatening both national and cultural sovereignty. To prove the French strong views on proper film/cinea values, it has banned Paths of Glory in 1957 claiming that this film was â€Å"a slanderous attack to French Honor. † 16 For Italian films, even during the fascist regime, the film was not utilized as a propaganda device. This is according to Ricci stating that the regime even unified Italy through the elimination of markers of class and regional difference happening in the country during that time through the circulation â€Å"of terms for an imaginary national identity†. 17 Italian film is viewed as an â€Å"integral part†18 of the country’s politics. Actually, the censorship board was established, more to regulate films civic and politically related contents than that of sexually or morally intruging contents. The Tangentopoli scandal in 1992 had delegitimised Italian politicians in the eyes of the public but even prior this scandal, government corruption were already depicted in films such as the 1989 Il Portaborse (The Footman) of Luchetti. Moreover, this was also the period when the trend in production have focused on â€Å"historical fictions† 19 with emphasis on Italy’s history and even depicting the own history of cinema implying that television does not have good impact on the film industry such as the Cinema Paradiso. Currently, Italian government provide fundings for films they promote including various assistance from the Direzione Generale per il Cinema (Directorate General Cinema) giving out funds to deserving producers of films promoting the Italian/European culture outside of Italy (promozione all’estero) and for film d’essai (independent/art films) 20 Aside from these fundings, there is also the European Ivestment Bank (EIB) funding film productions in order to compete with the penetrating Hollywood films, not only in Italy but all over the region 21 It is obvious what the European countries want when it comes to film release and promotion: not so much of Hollywood films, protection of cultural values, protection of viewers, promotion of culture and competing with the American in film production and obviously in the market and in profits. IV. Conclusion Films are important weapons for those who may have control as to its regulation and release to public. Films may be used to promote a certain cause or to discourage certain acts. Moreover, when producing a film, various factors must be put into consideration. Among these factors are the current trend and interest or demand of the viewing public (especially for commercial films) and more importantly, the rules that govern over these films. These rules are, more often than not, imposed by regulatory bodies, either private or by the government to assess and classify, as well as control the release and approval of the films shown in an area or market. In European nations, various strategies are employed to promote the film industry. These involve funding of deserving film production and promotion on European values. One strong factor that makes Europe unite when film issues are being talked about is the influence and the challenge that Hollywood films cause to the European nations and European market. American films are viewed as mostly culturally damaging for Europeans as well as penetrating the industry’s market leaving losses to European film producers. In this regard, European nations have looked for some measures in protecting their culture as well as securing its market through the EU Directive, as well as through national regulations, limiting Hollywood and other foreign films shown in European nations. End Notes 1Ricci, S. Cinema and fascism, Italian Film and Society, 1922-1943, UC Regents,UC Press,2008 retrieved 31 May 2008,< http://www. ucpress. edu/books/pages/10916/10916. ch01. pdf >. 2 Rinaman, K, French Film Quotas and Cultural Protectionism, Case Number 332, 1996, American Education, retrieved 31 May 2008, .

Advantages and Disadvantages of a Multi-Racial Society Essay

Nowadays 99% of the modern world countries have become a multiracial society, whether it is relative to their language, religion , culture, or traditions . Also universities , schools and other societies have become multiracial, it is not necessary for the whole country . And today with all aspects of economical, social and other types of growth , it is distinguishably linked to the globalization and the immigration of people to other countries, which has become more and more common . But can a multiracial community exist with no problems attached ? A multiracial society is very rich in culture heritage , where you get the opportunity to learn about other cultures. A multi-racial society is also a multi-linguist society so people living in such societies benefit from the richness of languages and are thus able to speak different languages , there is also a wide variety of traditions, customs and festivals that are being carried out in such countries. In addition with the fusion of cultures food becomes national, people are able to eat a wider variety of food, learning to prepare them in different ways, even celebrations of festivals become national. In addition a multi-racial society teaches people how to respect and understand the religion and cultures of others. Therefore this leads to tolerance. Moreover multi nationality makes the country more dynamic because there are people who come from different places and this can help to develop new ideas about how to make our lives better. In these multi-racial societies very often there are misunderstandings, which lead to conflict . Fanaticism is another factor, which creates conflicts in a multi-racial society. These conflicts and divisions between people is further increased by politicians who practice racial and ethnic politics, only to obtain votes. Fanaticism also encourages people in becoming racist which then leads to intolerance and misunderstandings. Not to mention that sometimes some religions in some societies get stereotyped in an insulting way, which creates clashes between two cultures or more . To conclude I will say that peace remains very fragile, it can break at any time. So we should not let anyone gamble with it. We should neither allow ourselves to be manipulated by the governments nor the people in power.

Discuss the history, geography and ecology of the rabbit invasion in Australia

Numerous studies have been contacted on the Rabbit in Australia (Parer,I.(1977),Twigg, E.L., Lowe, J.T., Wheeler, G.A., Gray, S.G., Martin, R.G. & Barker,W.(1998), Wheeler,H.S. &King,R.D. (1985),   Rolls,E.C. (1969)), covering issues such as it's population ecology, dispersal, survival and the efficiencies of the various control methods that have been used up to date. In the early stages of the rabbit plague, fences were erected to prevent dispersal or slow the rate of dispersal, but these proved to costly and ineffective. The fifties saw the introduction of the biological control agent, myxoma virus. This had great success initially but unfortunately the government failed to capitalize on the success, with continued control. The Rabbit Calcivirus Disease (RCD) was introduced (albeit accidentally) in the early 1990's. A highly infectious disease, spread by direct contact or by vectors (mosquito) with a mortality rate between 50-90%. However young kittens are not as susceptible as o lder rabbits. (Linton 2001) and when the female goes on to breed they are able to pass on maternal antibodies to their young. In determining whether or not the complete eradication of the rabbit in Australia is a feasible concept, one needs to study or be aware of certain aspects of their ecology. Such as their breeding and dispersal patterns and from this weaknesses might become evident, which would then aide in the eradication of the rabbit. Read also History Quizzes The Rabbit made its' first appearance is the Eocene in Asia and North America, arriving in Europe during the Miocene period. Two sub species from Southern France and Spain were identified O.cuniculus cuniculus and O.cunniculus buxteyi. The first named sub species from France was frequently released on islands as a food source for sailors that might become shipwrecked. The image of the rabbit had some bearing on its' dispersal and protection. In that it provided the people with their main source of food during times of hardship or depression and therefore they attained a rather prestigious image. This in turn further aided their rapid dispersal. The arrival of the 1st fleet in 1788 saw the introduction of the rabbit in Australia. However, it was Tasmania that had the first recording of a feral rabbit population in 1827. Mainland Australia remained rabbit free until 1859, when a grazier and sportsman arranged for the shipment of twenty-four rabbits from England. Thomas Austin released the rabbits on his property in Geelong, Victoria around Christmas of 1859. Ten years from this initial release, 14,253 rabbits were shot for sport on this same property. This illustrates the high fertility and dispersal rates of the rabbit. By the year 1910, two-thirds of Australia was inhabited by the rabbit (Parer (1982) for Ratcliffe 1959). With a dispersal rate of approximately 70km/yr (Parer 1982), the rabbit went to colonise Queensland within 30 years and reaching Western Australia within 40 years of its release. Stodart and Parer suggest that it has the fastest dispersal rate of any colonising mammal in the world. The introduction of the rabbit had an enormous impact on the native wildlife, displacing many small-medium sized native mammals; the greater Bilby, Bettongia Leseur are but a few. The displaced was largely due to competition for food and the altering of their ecosystems. With the enormity of their population, widespread impacts were inevitable: depletion of native vegetation, competition for space, resulting warrens and burrows of native animals being overtaken by the rabbit. Predators such as foxes increased in numbers as a direct result of the high number of rabbits to prey on. Unfortunately when the rabbit numbers declined due to drought, etc the foxes would turn on the small native mammals. The economic implications were also enormous; Sloane etal (1988) puts the impact at approximately $90 million in lost production and a further $20 million on the control. The European rabbit has an extremely high fertility rate together with a relatively short gestation period of approximately 30 days. They are able to fall pregnant immediately after giving birth. Their litter size fluctuates between four to seven kittens. Although small at birth, weighing about thirty-five grams they are able to increase their birth weight by a staggering 600% by the time they are ready to leave the warren, generally at about 21 days of age. They will be capable of breeding when they reach an age of 3-4 months (Parer 1977). The prolificacy of their breeding season is regulated by rainfall and hence the availability of food. When the rainfall is in short supply or during the occurrence of a drought, the breeding season will be short, litter sizes will be smaller and fewer females will breed (Twigg et al 1998). The warren provides the newly born and the young kittens with shelter from the harsh elements and protection from predators. This is especially so in the open, cleared grazing land where there is little, if any, shelter or protection provided by natural vegetation (Parer 1997). Linton (2001) supports this by stating that the rabbit lowers it chances of survival outside the warren and that the warren is the centre of the rabbit's life. This therefore seems to suggest that the destruction of the warren would facilitate in the long term eradication of the rabbit. â€Å"Rabbit control is the (artificial) imposition of mortality. It is generally assumed that, under normal circumstances, 100% mortality as a result of control is unlikely† (Wheeler and King 1985:224). They continue by suggesting that since complete eradication is not possible, one needs to ascertain when the best time of impact would be. The best time would seem to be when the rabbit is in its' most vulnerable state, i.e. when it is a kitten. Wheeler and King (1985) argue that by targeting the young kittens, resources are increased for those that survive and for the litters born later in that year. They suggest that targeting the adults just at the commencement of their breeding season would impact more on the actual population size. That is, there would be a reduction in the total number of kittens or litters born during that breeding season. Linton (2001) argues that the greatest influence on the control of the rabbit is the actual rabbit habitat itself. That is a habitat which has a high rabbit population will always be highly susceptible to re-establishment. Linton (2001) continues by suggesting that a control program which concentrates on those components of the habitat that make it susceptible to rabbit infestation, would then greatly reduce re-establishment of the rabbit. Twigg etal (1998) suggest that the rabbit problem needs to be addressed on a regional basis, not as an Australian wide problem, even though it is. Parer (1982) supports this but, suggests that in it infancy a control program aimed at isolated populations would be more beneficial. Parer puts this down to the reduced invasion by immigrants due to its location and therefore the reduced population would be kept at low densities by resident fa cultative predators. It would seem that the complete eradication of the rabbit in Australia is insurmountable due to the enormity of our country and its' varied landscape. However with a management plan the targets individual regions, a reduction in the population density of the rabbit is achievable. This would involve a combination of control methods which would incorporate environmental, biological, economic factors (Linton 2001, Twigg etal 1998.Parer 1982). The biological controls still have an effect on the rabbit, so this together with mechanical controls and timing would beneficial to the overall problem. Mechanical controls such as warren ripping is an important element in the long term plan and the commencement of this should be when the rabbit population is low (Linton 2001). Therefore the likelihood of re-colonisation is reduced. Follow up procedures of fumigation; poisoning might be necessary to ensure that the population has been eradicated from within that area. The timing of these methods seems to play an intricate role in the rabbits' demise. Perhaps with time and proper management the eradication of the rabbit is feasible, but not without the financial support and backing of both regional and commonwealth governments. The key seems to be to start on a small scale and work up to larger regional control or eradication.

Financial services in uk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Financial services in uk - Essay Example ooming financial sector due to the emphasis the government has placed on showcasing the strengths of this industry which has powerful entities with worldwide recognition such as the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and the an affluent population of 60,609,153 which has one of the highest real gross domestic product per capita in the world at $30,821 (CultureGrams, 2008). Preventing customer complaints and resolving them in a civilized manner is a critical success factor for companies in this industry in the UK. This essay studies customer service, customer complaints and the application of contract laws related to disputes between customer and firms in the United Kingdom. The financial services industry is a business whose worldwide market value is worth trillion of euros (Plunkett Research, 2008). This industry is composed of different segments which generate sales most of which are service oriented. The different sectors within the industry include commercial banking, private marking, equity market, consulting, financial planning, brokerage, real estate, and insurance among other financial services. In the United Kingdom the capital hub for financial activity is London, followed by Scotland a region in which 108,000 people or 10% of the working population are employed in the financial service industry that generated in 2007 nearly 7 billion euros in economic activity (Sfe, 2008). The people working in the financial services industry depend on customer retention in order for firms to build a portfolio of clients that bring recurrent business to firms. Just like in other industry a customer comes back and recommends the services of a store or company only if they are satisfied with the product they receive. It is essential to provide service to customer and to build a customer total quality program based on a strategic view that the customer is the most important stakeholder of the company. All business process must be geared to satisfy the needs of the customer and

Why Did The Scramble For Africa happen When it Did Essay

Why Did The Scramble For Africa happen When it Did - Essay Example European countries headed by Germany, France and Britain. During the conference, the African continent was divided, and different countries given colonies which were to be considered as their territories. This meant that if a country had been allocated a colony then other countries were not allowed to venture into such a country. Before missionaries came to Africa, the continent was neglected by Europe since they felt it was not of any value to them. But after the missionaries went back to Europe and reported on how Africa was rich in raw materials and minerals, European powers started to have an interest in the continent. Otto Van Bismarck came up with the idea of the Berlin conference because it was inevitable for conflicts to come up between European powers who wanted to own many colonies in Africa (Evelyn, 2010). The conference aim was to make sure that this did not happen by dividing the African continent instead of countries fighting over them. The African continent was divided as follows: France was given much of western Africa where it controlled countries such as Senegal and Mali. It was also given part of North Africa such as Algeria. Britain was given most of Eastern Africa such as Kenya and Uganda and part of North Africa, for example, Egypt. Germany got countries such as Tanganyika and Namibia. Other countries that were also given some partitions in Africa included Spain which controlled Morocco, Portugal which controlled Angola and Italy which controlled Somalia. Causes for the Scramble for Africa to Happen when it Did One major factor that contributed to the partition of Africa at the time it happened was the industrial revolution. The industrial revolution happened in the late 1700s to the early 1800s (Evelyn, 2010). After the industrial revolution, there was a huge demand for processed goods. This in turn resulted in the demand for raw materials such as coal, cotton and minerals in order for factories to keep up in satisfying the huge demand fo r processed goods. Getting these raw materials from Europe was becoming a headache since they were being depleted. This resulted in European countries looking for raw materials in Africa. The only way they would have been certain that they would fully exploit these raw materials is by colonizing African countries (Hodge, 2008). The abolishing of slave trade also resulted in the

Essay about beethoven Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

About beethoven - Essay Example Not too long after his lessons with Haydn, Beethoven was employed by Prince Lichnowsky, who was more lenient about Beethoven’s musical independence. Between the years of 1792 and 1802, Beethoven began publicly performing his compositions that consisted mainly of keyboard and chamber works. Unfortunately, it was also during this time that Beethoven discovered that he was going deaf. During 1802 to 1812, despite his disadvantage, Beethoven penned some of his most famous compositions, including Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, his most well-known work (Yudkin, pg. 199). Besides this symphony, he also wrote five other symphonies, four concertos, five string quartets, an opera, numerous orchestral overtures, and many other chamber pieces. By 1817, when Beethoven was forty-seven, he was completely deaf. This did not stop him from doing what he did best, though. Indeed, while he was unable to hear anything, Beethoven composed and performed the Ninth Symphony, as well as the last of his piano sonatas. The Ninth Symphony is yet another of his works that has outlived Beethoven, and is considered to be his most complex. Alas, it was in 1827 that Beethoven died of natural